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Country Name:
Conventional long form: Republic of Kazakhstan
Conventional short form: Kazakhstan
Local long form: Qazaqstan Respublikasy
Local short form: None
Former: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
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Country code: KAZ
Internet country code:.kz
Capital: Astana
formerly called Akmola)
Population: 280,200 (1997)
Note! The government moved from
Almaty to Astana in December
1998
President: Nursultan Nazarbayev
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Administrative divisions: 14 oblystar & 3 cities*; Almaty,
Almaty*, Aqmola (Astana), Aqtobe, Astana*, Atyrau, Batys Qazaqstan
(Oral), Bayqongyr*, Mangghystau (Aqtau; formerly Shevchenko), Ongtustik
Qazaqstan (Shymkent), Pavlodar, Qaraghandy, Qostanay, Qyzylorda, Shyghys
Qazaqstan (Oskemen; formerly Ust'-Kamenogorsk), Soltustik Qazaqstan (Petropavl),
Zhambyl (Taraz; formerly Dzhambul)
Population: 16,731,303 (July 2001 est.)
Nationality: noun: Kazakhstani(s); adjective: Kazakhstani
Ethnic groups: Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%; Russian 30%; Ukrainian 3.7%;
Uzbek 2.5%; German 2.4%; Uighur 1.4%; other 6.6% (1999 census) |
k a z a k h s t a n |
Languages: Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 40%;
Russian (official, used in everyday business) 66%
Religions: Muslim 47%; Russian Orthodox 44%; Protestant 2%; other 7%
Labour force: 8.4 million (1999)
By occupation:
agriculture: 20%
industry: 30%
services: 50% (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate: 10% (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line: 26% (2001 est.)
Agricultural products: Grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; wool, livestock
Natural Resources: Major deposits of petroleum,
natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt,
copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium
Industries: Oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium,
bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron and steel, tractors and other agricultural
machinery, electric motors, construction materials
GDP: Composition per sector:
agriculture: 10%
industry: 30%
services: 60% (2000 est.)
Environment - current issues: Radioactive or toxic chemical sites
associated with its former defense industries and test ranges are found
throughout the country and pose health risks for humans and animals;
industrial pollution is severe in some cities; because the two main
rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation,
it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical
pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then picked up by the
wind and blown into noxious dust storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea;
soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salination
from poor infrastructure and wasteful irrigation practice
Environment international agreements:
Partly to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,
Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
Signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
International Organization Participation: AsDB, CCC, CIS, EAPC,
EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS
(associate), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM
(observer), OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Currency: Tenge (KZT) Rate (per $US): 151.14 (January 2002)
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Time: Kazakhstan is divided into three time zones:
Eastern/Main Zone: GMT + 6 (GMT + 7 from 28 March to 26 October)
Central Zone: GMT + 5 (GMT + 6 from 28 March to 26 October)
Western Zone: GMT + 4 (GMT + 5 from 28 March to 26 October)
Telephony: Country code: 8; Area code for Almaty: 3272; For Astana: 3172
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